ESSAY NURS3015 Australian Health Care System

NURS3015 Australian Health Care System

Answers:

Question – 1

Shortness of breath – Heart failure is the major problem which occurs when the heart muscle stop pumping blood, due to the lack of blood and its backs up it started building fluid in the lungs which gradually and slowly causes shortness of breath. It may have increased due to the lack of medical care and increased level of fluid in the lungs which lowers done the airway and excessive stimulation of the respiratory centre by central chemoreceptors (Groenewegen, Rutten, Mosterd, & Hoes, 2020).

Right sided pleuritic chest pain – The common cause of pleuritic chest pain can be bacterial infection, in the case of Mr. Aloha Das the reason behind pleuritic pain can be heart failure. The condition can cause pain in the shoulder and back as well. The pleura are two thin layers of skin one covers the lungs and other is on the chest wall (Wheeler, 2020). In this condition inflammation of pleura causes the loss of smooth sliding friction between the two pleurae. This inflammation causes the pain in chest and make it difficult to breath and coughing and sneezing for the person.

Nausea -It is one of the common symptoms of heart failure, during the condition it can make change in your appetite this can be occurred due to the decrease in the flow of blood to the digestive system which can cause disturbance in the digestive system and sometimes feels like vomiting. Nausea is the common issue the person faces at the time of the heart failure. Some people might feel like being full and nauseous even after days of not eating anything and might also experience the pain in the abdominal during heart failure (Puri, Singh, Denfield, Cabrera, Dreyer, Tunuguntla, Price, 2019).

Heart failure – Heart failure is causes when the muscle of heart stop pumping blood in the way it should, this results to blood back up and fluid buildup in the lungs which eventually causes the shortness of breath. This condition makes the arteries narrow in the heart or high blood pressure which makes the heart too week to pump the blood. The heart failure is basically the result of the former disease such as high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity (Rossignol, Hernandez, Solomon, & Zannad, 2019). The lack of blood flow leads to the skin to appear blue in color. There are majorly four kind of heart failures that are left sided heart failure, right sided heart failure, diastolic heart failure and systolic heart failure. In this case the patient is suffering from the right sided heart failure which is also known as pleuritic right-side pain (Seferovi?, Vardas Jankowska, Maggioni, Timmis, Milinkovi?, & Voronkov, 2021).

Question – 2

The high priority nursing intervention to be taken in this condition should be given for the decreased cardiac output which is providing the supplemental oxygen as it is difficult for the patient to breathe properly.

This intervention has been chosen because of the issue of shortness of breath which can cause other major issues in this condition, hence providing the artificial and supplemental oxygen was important in order to provide relieve to the patient. It will be helpful for Mr. Aloha Das as due to heart failure; the heart does not pump the blood as usual which results that heart does not send enough oxygen rich blood in the tissues of the body. The oxygen therapy helps in sending oxygen to the body tissues which will help in reducing the work load of heart. The oxygen supplement prevents the other serious issues which can be caused by the lack of oxygen in the body such as damage of heart and brain.

If the oxygen supplement is nor provided to the heart patient it may cause the serious deprivation of oxygen which can cause the very severe issues such as coma and seizures. If the oxygen is not supplied for the 10 minutes in boy it might can cause brain death, brain death refers to the no brain activity. This can bring the situation of keeping the patient on the life support such as mechanical ventilator in order to help them with breathing and keeping them alive. This condition causes because of the lack of oxygen in the brain due to heart stroke or failure is called cerebral hypoxia (Adamo, Rocha-Resende, Prabhu, & Mann, 2020).

Question – 3

Mr. das has been prescribed two medications that are Furosemide 40mg IV Stat and Glyceryl Trinitrate IV Infusion 10 mcg/min.

Mechanism of action

Furosemide 40mg IV Stat – Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic that helps in increasing the exertion of Na+ and it is water by the kidneys. it directly affects and action on the cell of the nephron and it filters the and modifies the content of renal filtrate. It prevents the body to consume and absorb the salt and encourage it to be passed and get eliminated from the body through urine. It is majorly used to treat edema majorly in the patient suffering from heart disease.

Glyceryl Trinitrate IV Infusion 10 mcg/min – this medicine helps in reducing the tone of vascular smooth muscle. It helps in reducing the venous to return to the heart and lower down the pressures filling in the heart. This medicine called Glyceryl Trinitrate IV Infusion is the most common and most effective component in the treatment of the heart patient and in the condition of acute left ventricular failure. In this condition patient can be extremely serious and managed by the emergency department. The dose its helpful in dilation of both the arterials and venous bed (Lopaschuk, Karwi, Tian, Wende, & Abel, 2021).

These medications are helping in the condition of Mr. Das in several ways in order to decrease the effect of their symptoms and treat him correctly with hiss condition of heart failure. It is helping him in different ways such as:

Reducing the level of salt absorption in the body which is also helpful in treating the high blood pressure and diabetes.
It also helped Mr. Das in dilation of both arterials and venous beds. It helps in accelerating the clearance of plasma in blood and enhancing the flow of blood in the body(Armstrong, Pieske, Anstrom, Ezekowitz, Hernandez, Butler, & O’Connor, 2020).

References

Adamo, L., Rocha-Resende, C., Prabhu, S. D., & Mann, D. L. (2020). Reappraising the role of inflammation in heart failure. Reappraising the role of inflammation in heart failure. Nature Reviews Cardiology, 17(5), 269-285.

Armstrong, P. W., Pieske, B., Anstrom, K. J., Ezekowitz, J., Hernandez, A. F., Butler, J., & O’Connor, C. M. (2020). Vericiguat in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(20), 1883-1893.

Groenewegen, A., Rutten, F. H., Mosterd, A., & Hoes, A. W. (2020). Epidemiology of heart failure. European journal of heart failure, 22(8), 1342-1356.

Lopaschuk, G. D., Karwi, Q. G., Tian, R., Wende, A. R., & Abel, E. D. (2021). Cardiac energy metabolism in heart failure. Circulation research, 128(10), 1487-1513.

Puri, K., Singh, H., Denfield, S. W., Cabrera, A. G., Dreyer, W. J., Tunuguntla, H. P., & Price, J. F. (2019). Missed diagnosis of new-onset systolic heart failure at first presentation in children with no known heart disease. The Journal of pediatrics, 258-264.

Rossignol, P., Hernandez, A. F., Solomon, S. D., & Zannad, F. (2019). Heart failure drug treatment. The Lancet, 393(10175), 1034-1044.

Seferovi?, P. M., Vardas, P., Jankowska, E. A., Maggioni, P., A., Timmis, A., . . . Voronkov, L. (2021). The heart failure association atlas: heart failure epidemiology and management statistics 2019. European Journal of Heart Failure, 23(6), 906-914.

Wheeler, R. B. (2020). Pleuritic Chest Pain. Retrieved from webmd: https://www.webmd.com/lung/pleuritic-chest-pain