ESSAY NRS-410V Pathophysiology And Nursing Management Of Clients Health

NRS-410V Pathophysiology And Nursing Management Of Clients Health

Answer:

1. Clinical manifestation present in Mr. C

Mr. C has obesity since his childhood. in addition to that, he has sleep apnoea along with high blood pressure. Apart from that, he has increasing shortness of breath, swollen ankles as well as pruritus for last six months.

2. Potential health risks for obesity

Potential health risks for obesity are as follows: 1) hypertension, (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019) 2) high blood pressure, 3) high level of LDL cholesterol, (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019) 4) dyslipidaemia which is high level of triglycerides, 5) type 2 diabetes mellitus, (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019) 6) stroke, 7) coronary heart disease and, (World Health Organization., 2020) 8) gallbladder disease along with 9) osteoarthritis, (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019) 10) sleep apnoea, 11) breathing problems, (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019) 12) low quality of life, 13) several mental illnesses such as clinical depression or anxiety, (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019) 14) pain on body especially on knee joint and on lower back (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019).

Bariatric surgery is not an appropriate intervention for Mr. C. because he does not have any serious health issues because of obesity (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019). As per the case study, he only has sleep apnoea which can be considered a side effects due to obesity. Therefore, for Mr. C, bariatric surgery is not an appropriate option. If he had serious health issues such as type 2 diabetes, or high blood pressure, then this intervention could be appropriate (Blüher 2019).

3. Five problems from the functional health patterns and the rationale for each

Five actual and potential problem from the functional health patterns of Mr. C are as follows – 1) sleep apnoea, 2) swollen ankles, 3) high blood pressure, 4) shortness of breath and 5) pruritus.

Sleep apnoea – in case of obese people, fat deposits in the upper respiratory airway and makes it narrow which develops the sleep apnoea (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019).
Swollen ankles – in case of obese people, blood circulation is reduced which causes body fluid to build up in the ankles resulting in swollen ankles (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019).
High blood pressure – in case of obese people, there is excessive fat which constricts the blood vessel resulting in the restriction of the blood flow (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019). Thus, obesity develops high blood pressure.
Shortness of breath – when obese people develop excess fat against chest wall, it makes difficult for the muscles to take a deep breath causing the shortness of breath (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019).
Pruritus – which is a skin problem developed due to the obesity (Chooi, Ding, & Magkos, 2019).

4. The staging of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and contributing factors

There are five stages of ESRD which are stage 1 (healthy function of kidney), stage 2 (mild kidney function loss), stage 3a (moderate loss of kidney function), stage 3b (moderate to severe loss of kidney function), stage 4 (severe loss of kidney function) and stage 5 (kidney failure) (Cobo, Lindholm, & Stenvinkel, 2018).

Contributing factors for ESRD are diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure, drug abuse, family history, and genetic disorders along with inflammation, urinary tract blockages (Benjamin, & Lappin, 2021).

5. ESRD prevention and health promotion opportunities

Achieving and maintaining healthy weight, being active at most of the times, limiting protein, eating a balanced weight which is low in sodium, controlling the blood pressure, taking medications as prescribed by the physicians, having cholesterol level checked, controlling blood sugar level and quitting smoking – these are the prevention and health promotion opportunities for managing ESRD (Niewczas, et al., 2019).

6. Type of patient education that should be provided to Mr. C. for prevention of future events, health restoration, and avoidance of deterioration of renal status

Education that must be provided to Mr. C for preventing the future events, for restoring health and for avoiding further deterioration in the renal status, include the general information regarding renal disease (Cobo, Lindholm, & Stenvinkel, 2018). The patient must be educated about the general function of the kidney, the risk factors for the kidney disease and the prevention mechanism so that the patient become aware regarding the management and prevention of the concerned disease (Cobo, Lindholm, & Stenvinkel, 2018).

7. Type of resources available for ESRD patients

Types of resources that are available for the ESRD patients include the following: 1) health related portals, 2) resources, 3) education, 4) organisation plus programs, 5) advice as well as inspirations, 6) resources on nutrition (Cobo, Lindholm, & Stenvinkel, 2018).

References